Okadagiri Yoshifusa, by Yoshifusa. To qualify as a dait the sword must have a blade longer than 2 shaku (approximately 24inches or 60 centimeters) in a straight line. In addition, the whole body of the blade became whitish and hard. Being so, if the sword or blade were in a more vertical position, it would be cumbersome, and awkward to draw. Wakizashi and tant, for instance, were not simply scaled-down versions of katana; they were often forged in a shape called hira-zukuri, in which the cross-sectional shape of the blade becomes an isosceles triangle.[125]. This Japanese Officer Type 19 Kyu-Gunto Sword has a fine all brass hilt. Quite good condition was inherited looking to sell. [3] [47], In the tachi developed after kenukigata-tachi, a structure in which the hilt is fixed to the tang (nakago) with a pin called mekugi was adopted. The shin gunto was the most common type of sword used by the IJA and IJN during World War II. These swords, along with spears, were lent to recruited farmers called ashigaru and swords ware exported . These swords were owned by Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Important Cultural Property. They fought on foot using katana shorter than tachi. [53][71][72], From this period, the tang (nakago) of many old tachi were cut and shortened into katana. The craft of making swords was kept alive through the efforts of some individuals, notably Miyamoto kanenori (, 18301926) and Gassan Sadakazu (, 18361918), who were appointed Imperial Household Artist. These reproductions are being made in a variety of factories around the world. The vast majority of these one million or more swords were gunt, but there were still a sizable number of older swords. Sponsored. Sword scholars collect and study oshigata, or paper tang-rubbings, taken from a blade: to identify the mei, the hilt is removed and the sword is held point side up. [82][83] Under the Tokugawa shogunate, swordmaking and the use of firearms declined. Farmers and townspeople could wear daisho until 1683. They represent the idea that taking another's life should be done with honour, and long-range combat (firearms) is a cowardly way to end another's life. Their revolution influenced other schools to make the highest quality swords, but this technique was lost before the AzuchiMomoyama period (Shint period). The cross-sectional shape of the blades of these early swords was an isosceles triangular hira-zukuri, and the kiriha-zukuri sword, which sharpened only the part close to the cutting edge side of a planar blade, gradually appeared. The Museum of Fine Arts states that when an artisan plunged the newly crafted sword into the cold water, a portion of his spirit was transferred into the sword. One of the most important markings on the sword is performed here: the file markings. The katana further facilitated this by being worn thrust through a belt-like sash (obi) with the sharpened edge facing up. The fuchi (collar) is also iron. do NOT contact me with unsolicited services or offers; Each blade has a unique profile, mostly dependent on the swordsmith and the construction method. [50], The tachi is a sword which is generally larger than a katana, and is worn suspended with the cutting edge down. WW2 Japanese officers gunto. Archaeological evidence of recovered Warabitet () show a high concentration in the burial goods of the sh and Hokkaido regions. The World of Edo Dandyism From Swords to Inro. [132][133], It is said that the following three objects are the most noteworthy objects when appreciating a blade. During the Edo period samurai went about on foot unarmored, and with much less combat being fought on horseback in open battlefields the need for an effective close quarter weapon resulted in samurai being armed with daish. The nin War in the late 15th century in the Muromachi period expanded into a large-scale domestic war, in which employed farmers called ashigaru were mobilized in large numbers. Nanboku-ch period. [46] Kenukigata-tachi, which was developed in the first half of the 10th century, has a three-dimensional cross-sectional shape of an elongated pentagonal or hexagonal blade called shinogi-zukuri and a gently curved single-edged blade, which are typical features of Japanese swords. Tosho use apprentice swordsmiths as assistants. Since 1953, there has been a resurgence in the buke-zukuri style, permitted only for demonstration purposes. Wakizashi mounting. Bronze swords were made as early as the Yayoi period (1000 BC 300 AD), though most people generally refer to the curved blades made from the Heian period (794 1185) to the present day when speaking of "Japanese swords". The forging of a Japanese blade typically took weeks or even months and was considered a sacred art. Modern, authentic Japanese swords (nihont) are made by a few hundred swordsmiths. [51], When worn with full armour, the tachi would be accompanied by a shorter blade in the form known as koshigatana (, "waist sword"); a type of short sword with no handguard, and where the hilt and scabbard meet to form the style of mounting called an aikuchi ("meeting mouth"). This distinctive tempering line found near the edge is one of the main characteristics to be assessed when examining a blade. "Type 95" Non Commissioned Officer's sword of World War II; made to resemble a Commissioned Officer's shin gunt. Most blades that fall into the "sht" size range are wakizashi. Their main weapon was a long naginata and sasuga was a spare weapon. There were 19 commonly referenced wakimono. Legend tells of a particular smith who cut off his apprentice's hand for testing the temperature of the water he used for the hardening process. According to the Nihonto Meikan, the sh swordsmith group consists of the Mokusa (), the Gassan () and the Tamatsukuri (), later to become the Hoju () schools. Recently bought this off an auction. Most handmade Japanese swords will have a visible grain in the steel of the blade. Reviews. [citation needed], Meibutsu (noted swords) is a special designation given to sword masterpieces which are listed in a compilation from the 18th century called the "Kyoho Meibutsucho". They forged the swords that were often worn by monk warriors called shei in Nara's large temples. The swords themselves are subdivided into six basic Japanese sword types corresponding to specific eras in history: Jokoto : Ancient swords, developed until the 10th century Koto : Old swords, manufactured between 900 and 1596 Shinto: New swords, produced from 1596 to 1780 Shinshinto: New new swords, made from 1781 through 1876 Gendaito Although it is not commonly known, the "chisel point" kissaki originated in Japan. The signature on the tang of the blade was inscribed in such a way that it would always be on the outside of the sword when worn. Japanese military swords produced between 1875 and 1945 are referred to as gunto or gendaito. There are more than 100 Japanese swords designated as National Treasures in Japan, of which the Kot of the Kamakura period account for 80% and the tachi account for 70%.[11][12]. Mino Province was a strategic traffic point connecting the Kanto and Kansai regions, and was surrounded by powerful daimyo (feudal lords). In 1719, Tokugawa Yoshimune, the 8th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate, ordered Hon'ami Kch, who was an authority of sword appraisal, to record swords possessed by daimyo all over Japan in books. However, the historical shaku was slightly longer (13.96inches or 35.45cm). Japanese WWII Type 95 NCO Sword. The purpose is to show how well the steel ages. The Arisaka rifle Type 99 was a common sight during the fighting in the Pacific in World War II. Almost all blades are decorated, although not all blades are decorated on the visible part of the blade. A Japanese sword (Japanese: , Hepburn: nihont) is one of several types of traditionally made swords from Japan. Which one and how modern-day samurai interpret the history of swords, help influence the kind of samurai and warrior they choose to be. Bizen Osafune school influenced by the Ssh school. It's a Reproduction ww2 Japanese Type 95 NCO sword\\katana. An authentic Japanese katana that is made in Japan can cost as much as $12,000 to $25,000. There are more than 100 Japanese swords designated as National Treasures in Japan, of which the Kot of the Kamakura period account for 80% and the tachi account for 70%.[11][12]. say that swords that are over 3 shaku in blade length are "longer than normal dait" and are usually referred to as dachi. The reasons for this are considered to be that Yamada was afraid of challenging the authority of the shogun, that he could not use the precious sword possessed by the daimyo in the examination, and that he was considerate of the legend of Muramasa's curse. [132][133], Generally, the blade and the sword mounting of Japanese swords are displayed separately in museums, and this tendency is remarkable in Japan. I need help identifying the sword or translating the writing on the Blade. [78], Swords forged after 1596 in the Keich period of the Azuchi-Momoyama period are classified as shint (New swords). History of Japanese swords "Muromachi period Azuchi-Momoyama period". [24], The Mino school is a school that originated in Mino Province, corresponding to present-day Gifu Prefecture. US Warehouse In-stock. The swords listed are Koto blades from several different provinces; 100 of the 166 swords listed are known to exist today, with Ssh blades being very well represented. Animism is the belief that everything in life contains or is connected to a divine spirits. National Treasure. Free shipping for many products! The Japanese sword remained in use in some occupations such as the police force. Eight of the swordsmiths on this list were from sh schools. Tokyo First Arsenal blade numbers. The Nihonto Meikan shows the earliest and by far the largest group of sh smiths from the beginning of the 8th century were from the Mokusa school, listing over 100 Mokusa smiths before the beginning of the Kamakura period. The first is the overall shape referred to as sugata. This was due to the economic development and the increased value of swords as arts and crafts as the Sengoku Period ended and the peaceful Edo Period began. Each different steel is folded differently, in order to provide the necessary strength and flexibility to the different steels. 14th century, Nanboku-ch period. The thickly coated back cools more slowly retaining the pearlite steel characteristics of relative softness and flexibility. Prior to and during WWII, even with the modernization of the army, the demand for swords exceeded the number of swordsmiths still capable of making them. [19] In the Kot era there were several other schools that did not fit within the Five Traditions or were known to mix elements of each Gokaden, and they were called wakimono (small school). Five from Mokusa being Onimaru , Yoyasu , Morifusa , Hatafusa and Gaan , two from the Tamatsukuri Fuju ,Houji and one from Gassan signing just Gassan . Perrin, Noel. Other aspects of the mountings (koshirae), such as the menuki (decorative grip swells), habaki (blade collar and scabbard wedge), fuchi and kashira (handle collar and cap), kozuka (small utility knife handle), kogai (decorative skewer-like implement), saya lacquer, and tsuka-ito (professional handle wrap, also named tsukamaki), received similar levels of artistry. SJ317. shirasaya (storage mounts), used to protect the blade when not mounted in a koshirae (formal mounts). Great swordsmiths were born one after another in the Osafune school which started in the Kamakura period, and it developed to the largest school in the history of Japanese swords. Yasukuni swords were traditional and very expensive, and cost about twice as much as a traditional . The businessman Mitsumura Toshimo (, 18771955tried to preserve their skills by ordering swords and sword mountings from the swordsmiths and craftsmen. The gunt (military sword) was a ceremonial sword produced for the Imperial Japanese army and navy after the introduction of conscription in 1872. . Examples of such are shown in the book "The Japanese Sword" by Kanzan Sato. 1 Reviews. This sword was owned by Kish Tokugawa family. Was:199.00 USD Save 15% today, Deal ends soon! Fake signatures ("gimei") are common not only due to centuries of forgeries but potentially misleading ones that acknowledge prominent smiths and guilds, and those commissioned to a separate signer. The Yamashiro school consisted of schools such as Sanj, Ayanokji, Awataguchi, and Rai. Its moderate curve, however, allowed for effective thrusting as well. All types of Japanese military swords are currently being reproduced and/or faked. Tosho (Toko, Katanakaji) is in charge of forging blades, togishi is in charge of polishing blades, kinkosi (chokinshi) is in charge of making metal fittings for sword fittings, shiroganeshi is in charge of making habaki (brade collar), sayashi is in charge of making scabbards, nurishi is in charge of applying lacquer to scabbards, tsukamakishi is in charge of making hilt, and tsubashi is in charge of making tsuba (hand guard). "Warabitet " gained its fame through the series of battles between Emishi people () and the Yamato-chotei government ( ) in the late eighth century. In the middle of the Muromachi period, swordsmiths moved to various places such as Mino, and the school disappeared. After then they wore it special times(travel, wedding, funeral) until meiji restoration. Before about 1500 most swords were usually worn suspended from cords on a belt, edge-down. Tokyo National Museum. These short swords were wakizashi and tant, and wakizashi were mainly selected. Type 98 Shin Gunto swords started production in 1938. The katana forged by Nagasone Kotetsu, one of the top-rated swordsmith, became very popular at the time when the book was published, and many counterfeits were made. Hi, I recently acquired a Japanese NCO Sword. $ 4,500.00. I believe this sword is different from most of the. If the angle of the block was drastic enough, the curve of the Japanese swords blade would cause the attacker's blade to slide along its counter and off to the side.[126]. Daggers (tant), were also carried for close combat fighting as well as carried generally for personal protection. Mid-Edo period. [128] This creates a blade which has a hard, razor sharp cutting edge with the ability to absorb shock in a way which reduces the possibility of the blade breaking when used in combat. In addition, The Society for Preservation of Japanese Art Swords, a public interest incorporated foundation, rates high-value swords in four grades, and the highest grade Special Important Sword (Tokubetsu Juyo Token, ) is considered to be equivalent to the value of Important Art Object. (top) Wakizashi mounting, Early Meiji period. [60], Katana originates from sasuga, a kind of tant used by lower-ranking samurai who fought on foot in the Kamakura period. Conflicts began to occur frequently between the forces of sonn ji (), who wanted to overthrow the Tokugawa Shogunate and rule by the Emperor, and the forces of sabaku (), who wanted the Tokugawa Shogunate to continue. Due to importation of Western swords, the word nihont was adopted in order to distinguish it from the Western sword (, yt). [76] This style of swords is called handachi, "half tachi". [77], In the Muromachi period, especially the Sengoku period, anybody such as farmers, townspeople and monks could equip a sword. [64], By the 15th century, Japanese swords had already gained international fame by being exported to China and Korea. There are many types of Japanese swords that differ by size, shape, field of application and method of manufacture. And most of them kept wearing wakizashi on a daily basis until the middle of the 18th century. Differences in Japanese swords according to status. Even so, many Japanese swords were sold to American soldiers at a bargain price; in 1958 there were more Japanese swords in America than in Japan. Typically, a tama hagane sword was twice the price of a puddled steel sword, and the other types of swords were less expensive. An unsigned and shortened blade that was once made and intended for use as a tachi may be alternately mounted in tachi koshirae and katana koshirae. These Japanese swords were often seen with Japanese troops, especially generals, during WW2. [citation needed] The word "dait" is often used when explaining the related terms sht (short sword) and daish (the set of both large and small sword). [38][39] The swords of this period were a mixture of swords of Japanese original style and those of Chinese style brought to Japan via the Korean Peninsula and East China Sea. These political activists, called the shishi (), fought using a practical katana, called the kinnt () or the bakumatsut (). The Ko-bizen school in the mid Heian period was the originator. This was due to the economic development and the increased value of swords as arts and crafts as the Sengoku Period ended and the peaceful Edo Period began. The dazzling looking tachi gradually became a symbol of the authority of high-ranking samurai. By repeatedly folding and forging the blade, fine patterns such as fingerprints, tree rings and bark are formed on its surface. This style is called jindachi-zukuri, and dait worn in this fashion are called tachi (average blade length of 7580cm). The legitimate Japanese sword is made from Japanese steel "Tamahagane". The average price for a recent katana made in Japan is $6,000 to $8,000. Their swords are often characterized by a slightly higher central ridge and a thinner back. SOLD SOLD (19/02) **NAPOLEONIC WARS ERA**MATCHING NUMBERS**British Board Of Ordnance / WD Officer's 1796 Light Cavalry Sabre With Scabbard By Johnston, The Strand, London. [1], In modern times the most commonly known type of Japanese sword is the Shinogi-Zukuri katana, which is a single-edged and usually curved longsword traditionally worn by samurai from the 15th century onwards. The curved sword is a far more efficient weapon when wielded by a warrior on horseback where the curve of the blade adds considerably to the downward force of a cutting action. While they forged high-quality swords by order, at the same time, from the Muromachi period, when wars became large-scale, they mass-produced low-quality swords for drafted farmers and for export. Fukuoka-Ichimonji school. This sword was owned by Tokugawa Ieyasu. The mass-produced ones often look like Western cavalry sabers rather than Japanese swords, with blades slightly shorter than blades of the shint and shinshint periods. SwordofNorthshire. The metal parts are made by Goto Ichijo. Hamon is a white pattern of the cutting edge produced by quenching and tempering. [100] During this time, China was craving steel blades on the Korean Peninsula. The wakizashi and kodachi are in this category. (bottom). This was a more comfortable way for the armored samurai to carry his very long sword or to draw while mounted. From there, fluidly continuing along the motion wrought by ten-uchi, the arms would follow through with the stroke, dragging the sword through its target. This sword has a cast aluminium tsuka (hilt) with a 4mm thick plain iron tsuba (guard). Japanese swords since shint are different from kot in forging method and steel (tamahagane). The number of swordsmiths of Gokaden, as confirmed by signatures and documents, were 4005 in Bizen, 1269 in Mino, 1025 in Yamato, 847 in Yamashiro and 438 in Ssh. The precious swords described in this book were called "Meibutsu" () and the criteria for selection were artistic elements, origins and legends. "[85] One of the most popular swordsmiths in Japan today is Minamoto Kiyomaro who was active in this shinshint period. [97][98] Subsequently, bronze swords were used for religious ceremonies. The blade is repeatedly heat treated and hand forged to remove impurities. This connection to the spirit world premediates the introduction of Buddhism into Japan. The tang is never supposed to be cleaned; doing this can reduce the value of the sword by half or more. The nagamaki (, "long wrapping") is a type of traditionally made Japanese sword ( nihont) [1] [2] with an extra long handle, used by the samurai class of feudal Japan. They are battjutsu and iaijutsu, which are superficially similar, but do generally differ in training theory and methods. Their swords are often characterized by a shallow curve, a wide blade to the back, and a thin cross-section. Odachi means "great sword", and Nodachi translates to "field sword". It is estimated that 250,000350,000 sword have been brought to other nations as souvenirs, art pieces or for Museum purposes. [85], In the late 18th century, swordsmith Suishinshi Masahide criticized that the present katana blades only emphasized decoration and had a problem with their toughness. There are old sword blades which have no visible grain (muji hada); however, the presence of grain does most certainly mean . This weapon, which retains most of its wartime finish and has a very good aged patina, is almost certainly one of those battlefield mementos. The slightly curved, 30 inch long single fullered machined blade on this one looks has age and is sharp. The Japanese swords razor-edge was so hard that upon hitting an equally hard or harder object, such as another sword's edge, chipping became a definite risk. (The practice and martial art for drawing the sword quickly and responding to a sudden attack was called Battjutsu, which is still kept alive through the teaching of Iaido.) The kazatachi and hosodachi worn by nobles were initially straight like a chokut, but since the Kamakura period they have had a gentle curve under the influence of tachi. The Yayoi period saw swords be used primarily for religious and ceremonial purposes. These schools are known as Gokaden (The Five Traditions). In Japan, Japanese swords are rated by authorities of each period, and some of the authority of the rating is still valid today. As such, blocking an oncoming blow blade-to-blade was generally avoided. A triangular section is cut off from the tip of the bar and shaped to create what will be the kissaki. [111] In 1953, America finally lifted the ban on swords after realizing that sword making is an important cultural asset to preserving Japanese history and legacy.[108]. The kissaki (point) is not usually a "chisel-like" point, and the Western knife interpretation of a "tant point" is rarely found on true Japanese swords; a straight, linearly sloped point has the advantage of being easy to grind, but less stabbing/piercing capabilities compared to traditional Japanese kissaki Fukura (curvature of the cutting edge of tip) types. The "D" guard curves downward to a pierced basket hilt, and . [92] Some replica Japanese swords have been used in modern-day armed robberies. These greatswords were used during war, as the longer sword gave a foot soldier a reach advantage. In this way, a blade formally attributed as a wakizashi due to length may be informally discussed between individuals as a tanto because the blade was made during an age where tanto were popular and the wakizashi as a companion sword to katana did not yet exist. The sword would be carried in a sheath and tucked into the samurai's belt. Mokusa Area was famous for legendary swordsmiths in the Heian Period (AD 794-1185). [61][62] Also, there is a theory that koshigatana (), a kind of tant which was equipped by high ranking samurai together with tachi, developed to katana through the same historical background as sasuga, and it is possible that both developed to katana. In one such method of drawing the sword, the samurai would turn the sheath downward ninety degrees and pull it out of his sash just a bit with his left hand, then gripping the hilt with his right hand he would slide it out while sliding the sheath back to its original position. This set of two is called a daish. "Reception and transformation of foreign cultures in Thailand; focusing on the foreign trade items of the 13 th to 18th centuries", Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. The second is a fine pattern on the surface of the blade, which is referred to as hada or jigane. [16] However, in order to maintain the quality of Japanese swords, the Japanese government limits the number of Japanese swords a swordsmith can make in a year to 24. In the Ming Dynasty of China, Japanese swords and their tactics were studied to repel pirates, and wodao and miaodao were developed based on Japanese swords. Shinto is the way of the gods, meaning that all elements of the world are embedded with god like spirits. From the lessons of the Mongol invasion of Japan, they revolutionized the forging process to make stronger swords. It is often evaluated as a sword with an elegant impression. The daish was not always forged together. The following are types of Japanese swords: There are bladed weapons made in the same traditional manner as Japanese swords, which are not swords, but which are still Japanese swords (nihont) (as "t" means "blade", rather than specifically "sword"): Other edged weapons or tools that are made using the same methods as Japanese swords: Each Japanese sword is classified according to when the blade was made. Shin-gunto, army officers swords, are the most common style of sword mountings from the World War II era. $800. Type 19 court sword with the obverse guard showing the sun rays with the "V" shaped ends. [citation needed]. Swords that came from WW2 fall into a number of categories 1/ Swords where the blade is machine made, oil tempered and mounted in fully metal Shingunto (new war) mounts, with an alloy handle cast to look like the traditional threaded braid. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for WW2 Japanese Showato Katana 27" Sword, Type 98, 1935-1945 Rank Tassel Shin Gunto at the best online prices at eBay! Giving Up the Gun: Japan's Reversion to the Sword, 15431879. For example, Daihannya Nagamitsu and Yamatorige, which are now designated as National Treasures, were not listed. The first pattern, known as 'Ko,' was issued to cavalry NCOs and had a blade length of around 830mm. This made it possible to draw the sword and strike in one quick motion. Although swords owned by the Japanese Imperial Family are not designated as National Treasures or Important Cultural Properties because they are outside the jurisdiction of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, there are many swords of the National Treasure class, and they are called "Gyobutsu" (). Although a sturdy weapon, at just over 50 inches, the Arisaka Type 38 6.5mm (1905) rifle was a bit too long for the typical height of a Japanese infantryman. As a means to preserve the warrior culture of Japan, martial arts was put into the school curriculum. Tokyo National Museum. Japanese swords since shint are different from kot in forging method and steel. It was based on the traditional Japanese katana, with a long, curved blade and a circular guard. In the Nanboku-ch period, long weapons such as dachi were popular, and along with this, sasuga lengthened and finally became katana. [53][54], From the Heian period (7941185), ordinary samurai wore swords of the style called kurourusi tachi (kokushitsu no tachi, ), which meant black lacquer tachi. Edo period. [45][43] To be more precise, it is thought that the Emishi improved the warabitet and developed Kenukigata-warabitet (ja:) with a hole in the hilt and kenukigatat (ja:) without decorations on the tip of the hilt, and the samurai developed kenukigata-tachi based on these swords. The most common style of sword mounting from this era, shingunto mounts, used machine-made blades for the most part. They were very highly sought after by Australian, US and British troops as souvenirs. Hilt and handguard of tant. Because American bladesmiths use this design extensively it is a common misconception that the design originated in America. [2] Western historians have said that Japanese katana were among the finest cutting weapons in world military history, for their intended use. Rating of Japanese swords and swordsmiths, Samurai 1550-1600, p49, Anthony J Bryant,Angus McBride, The way to Kwan Yi is distant and not accessible anymore, the legend of its sword being able to cut jade is unbeatable. [126] As with many complex endeavors, rather than a single craftsman, several artists were involved. The Type 95 sword or NCO sword, as its name suggests, was designed for use by NCOs (non-commissioned officers) and was introduced in 1935, prior to the Second World War. Transition of kot, shint, shinshint, and gendait. In 1933, during the Shwa era (19261989), a sword making factory designed to re-establish the spirit of Japan through the art of sword making was built to preserve the legacy and art of swordsmiths and sword making. Many, perhaps most, of the blades found in shin-gunto mounts are NOT traditionally made swords . [33][81][70][35] Samurai could wear decorative sword mountings in their daily lives, but the Tokugawa shogunate regulated the formal sword that samurai wore when visiting a castle by regulating it as a daisho made of a black scabbard, a hilt wrapped with white ray skin and black string. [citation needed]. [112] The government at the time feared that the warrior spirit (loyalty and honour) was disappearing within Japan, along with the integrity and quality of swords. Two antique Japanese gunt swords on a sword rack (katana kake), shin gunt on top and ky gunt below. Kenjutsu is the Japanese martial art of using the Japanese swords in combat. itomaki tachi was decorated with gorgeous lacquer decorations with lots of maki-e and flashy colored threads, and was used as a gift, a ceremony, or an offering to the kami of Shinto shrines. In addition to these three objects, a swordsmith signature and a file pattern engraved on tang, and a carving inscribed on the blade, which is referred to as horimono, are also the objects of appreciation. The sword also has an exact tip shape, which is considered an extremely important characteristic: the tip can be long (kissaki), medium (chkissaki), short (kokissaki), or even hooked backwards (ikuri-kissaki).
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