In 1969, Pontiac unveiled its Trans Am model Firebird, and since racing rules required engines of less than 5L (305.1cuin), Pontiac unveiled the 303 for racing models only, never available to the public. gasoline (petrol) engine with displacement: 6902 cm3 / 421.2 cui, advertised power: 252 kW / 338 hp / 343 PS ( SAE gross . All 428 cylinder heads received the 14 degree valve angle, closed chamber only in 67 and open chamber 68 and up. Horsepower: See Part 2 High output Pontiac V8 Cylinder Heads. It was the same engine as the '67-'68 400 HO[18] but for 1969 and 1970 it included a driver-selectable outside air induction system on the GTO(it was a separate option on Firebird), with the hood vents opened and closed using a knob located under the dash, below and to the right of the steering wheel, its bracket labeled "RAM AIR". The "455 HO" moniker took on a whole new meaning with the introduction of the 1971 model year; Intended as a low compression progression from the previous years Ram Air IV engine, all 1971 455 HO engines used a heavy duty 4 bolt main block, round port cylinder heads (casting #197; with 8.4: compression), "Ram Air" style exhaust manifolds, and a two-part aluminum intake manifold. Super Duty 421s were back, tougher than ever. Unfortunately, there were no improvements in the casting number "01" small-valve high-velocity heads, which would have yielded greater improvements in power. Special Offer on Antivirus Software From HowStuffWorks and TotalAV Security. The V8 was phased out in 1981, replaced by GM "corporate engines" such as the Chevrolet 305 cu in small block V8. The V8 engine was introduced for the 1955 model year as the "Strato Streak". (V8) - Stamped on right front side of block or beneath production . Splayed main caps, head bolts tie into main caps. . Oil pan: 8-quart with extended pick-up, fabricated retention clamp Despite their work, the division's conservative management saw no immediate need to replace the Pontiac Straight-8 until later in the 1950s. "Armasteel" was a trademark of pearlitic malleable iron developed by GM's Saginaw Metal Casting Operations around 1936, which was referred to as "locking ball" cast-iron, as opposed to the "flaking" type found in other engines. The GTO's new hood scoop design, with the inlets centrally located and mounted above the carburetor, provided the opportunity for experimentation. The four-barrel version, set up for sustained high speeds, had 390 hp. The 400 HO was offered as an option for 1967-1970 for GTO and 1968-1970 for Firebird. The 421 also marked the end of the option for a forged-steel crankshaft. Available only in the 1973 and 1974 Firebird Formula and Trans Am, the SD-455 consisted of a strengthened cylinder block that included 4-bolt main bearings and additional material in various locations for improved strength. The 421.19cuin (6.9L) was introduced in 1961 as a dealer-installed Super Duty option. To learn about it, read. Forged steel 6.625in (168.3mm) rods (Ram Air V style), Large-valve heads (valve diameter): 2.4in (61mm) intake, 2in (51mm) exhaust, Small-valve high-RPM head (valve diameter) 2.19in (56mm) intake, 2in (51mm) exhaust. Math, not gasoline, makes horsepower under the hood of a Pontiac. Dual Carter Carburetor 500cuft/min (14m3/min) #3433S (front) and #3435S (rear) carburetors with manual chokes and mechanical linkage. It featured the "744" 301/313 camshaft, which offered more duration and overlap than the "HO". At the request of Ed Cole, general manager of Chevrolet, the layout was also used by the Chevrolet V8 released in 1955, an exception to the customary GM policy of allowing a division one year of exclusive use of an internally developed advance. Only about 2000 like this one were built with 4 speed Muncie transmissions. The 301 Turbo was unique since it had a beefier block than the 197779 versions (which carried on in the non-turbo versions in 1980 and 1981), a very mild camshaft with 0.35in (8.9mm) lift and 250 degrees gross duration, a 60psi (4.1bar) oil pump to ensure adequate oil to the oil-cooled Garrett TBO-305 Turbocharger, a rolled fillet crankshaft, a fully baffled oil pan, and a specific 800cuft/min (23m3/min) Quadrajet carburetor. Deck Height: 10.215-in Secondary: Front and rear #70 Coil: GM Pontiac began as a "companion make" to the Oakland division of the General Motors line of automobiles in 1926. The Ram Air IV replaced the Ram Air II in 1969. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Head ID Location like the earlier 1971-1972 motor, but it was not the same motor, and featured standard d-port heads with a very conservative camshaft. However, the 1959 389 engines had the generator in front of the heads with reverse flow cooling still in use. [20] Pontiac asked Mopar (Chrysler, Dodge, Plymouth) for help in designing it and making it work. Block casting # 9773157. The other major difference between the "typical" Pontiac engine of the time was that this one used the large . 1962 Pontiac Catalina, Royal Bobcat Super Duty 421. Even more powerful were the 421 Super Duty V8s that could produce up to 410 horsepower. Other dimensional factors such as the wheel base, curb weight and length were largely unchanged. Though never factory-installed in any car, the ultimate engine of the Ram Air line of engines was the tunnel-port Ram Air V. In 1969 Pontiac created four versions of the Ram Air V engine: a 303cuin (5.0L) short deck version for SCCA Trans-Am racing, a 366cuin (6.0L) variant for NASCAR, a 400cuin (6.6L) version for street use in GTOs and Firebirds, as well as a 428cuin (7.0L) adaptation for drag racing. 455 (7.5) Buick Gran Sport, and 455 (7.5) Oldsmobile 442). [11] By mid-1978, the W72 could no longer be ordered in conjunction with the MX1 3-speed Turbo-Hydramatic 350 automatic transmission, and could only be ordered with the 4-speed manual transmission. Open pressure: 282 pounds at 1.100-in None of Pontiac's Ram Air engines actually enjoyed any true ram air effect. 744) and a new valve spring package with dampers to positively control valve action. In the Firebird Ram Air induction for the 400 HO was a separate option for 1969(included with Trans Am) and included with the engine(optional in Formula; included with Trans Am) in 1970. Late in the model year the Ram Air 455 HO was made an available option for those GTOs with the optional "The Judge" package. Size cfm: Total flow, 1,050 cfm The 428 was factory installed in large cars only. The 2+2 reverted to option status for '67, then died, a proud relic of a time when big cars, Pontiacs in particular, ruled the streets. Original plans called for a forged crankshaft, although actual production SD455s received nodular-iron crankshafts with minor enhancements. Beep, beep! Instead, they were substituted with the L80 Oldsmobile 403, or the L37 Pontiac 301 if they still requested a 4-speed transmission. At the end of 1976, Pontiac was no longer able to continue production of the 455 (7.5 L) V8 motor due to the tightening emissions requirements. superior_queens (3,035) 100%. Both engines received the McKellar number-10 camshaft, which was much like a solid-lifter version of the hydraulic number-041 of later years. Jets, Primary: Center #64 adjust power valvespring for 12 Hg at 1,000 rpm 1966 Pontiac GTO. The manuals had Hurst shifters. It shared the 389's 3+34in (95.3mm) stroke, but its bore was 3.78in (96.0mm) for a displacement of 336.66cuin (5.5L). intake duration and later 1964 L with 288deg intake essentially the same as the 068 cam. Whether all were installed in GTOs is unknown. Displacement (CID) Bore (Inches) Stroke (Inches) Mains (Inches) 1955. As Stock drag racing heated up at the dawn of the Sixties, the factories were serving up a constant stream of engines, transmissions and lightweight body par. The 301 Turbo package mandated air conditioning, the THM350 (sometimes referred to as the CBC350 in various literature) non-lockup automatic transmission (THM350C lockup in 1981 Trans Ams), and 3.08 rear axle gearing. The XS-code 389 was still rated at 360bhp at 5,200 rpm, same as the more common WS-coded Tri-Power 389, but performance was noticeably improved on acceleration runs. It was rated at 250hp (186kW) with 8.6:1 compression and 260hp (194kW) at 10.25:1 compression. Wearing a revised GM B-body semi-fastback shape, the 2+2 option delivered a 421-cu.in. engine, dual exhausts, three-speed manual transmission, Hurst shifter, 3.42:1 rear gears, heavy-duty suspension, bucket seats, upgraded upholstery, carpet, emblems, "Decor" louvers, pinstripes, lower . Rocker arms: Crower roller, 1.6:1 Most likely prompted by its development of the Pontiac OHC six, the GM division built three different experimental SOHC 421 CID V8 engines in the early 1960s. It was rated at 376bhp in 1967 and 390bhp in 1968 and 1969. One version of the engine featured camshafts driven off the front of the engine, another design had the cams driven by gears off the back of the engine. There were a few 1962 Grand Prix models that came with a 421 SD from the factory so if someone is lucky enough to have one today then they have a car that is probably worth some decent money simply because of the rarity of these models.if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[580,400],'enginefacts_com-medrectangle-3','ezslot_2',115,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-enginefacts_com-medrectangle-3-0'); Engine Facts 2023. The camshaft was the HO cam with 288/301 duration. Now select an engine model (if applicable) -- Pontiac Engine Models -- All Pontiac Kits 151 301 326 350 3800 389 4-cylinder 400 421 428 455 Brodix Heads Edelbrock Heads Iron Duke L67 Pro Stock Dart Heads Pro Stock Heads Ram Air Runner Heads Super Duty Generic V8. . [9], The W72 engine was standard in all 1977 Pontiac Can Ams (bar the 1977 Can Ams sold in California/High Altitude states which received the L80 Oldsmobile 403) and was optional in all 1977-79 Pontiac Firebird Formula and Trans Am models. These motors were built mainly for NASCAR or other racing purposes and were equipped with all the extra racing goodies that people were looking for. Most Pontiac engines like total timing (rev engine past 3000 or so until the mechanical advance stops moving/advancing, vacuum advance disconnected to check total timing) somewhere between 32 and 36 degrees. Around January 1966 Pontiac took the next step and began offering as a factory option the XS-code engine. Pushrods: LPC chrome moly Pontiac Engine Torque Specs Pontiac Engine Torque Specs. Both used a single two-barrel carburetor. Pontiac's SCCA Trans-Am program was promising, with race-ready engines producing 475hp (354kW) to 525hp (391kW), however the series General Competition Rules required the manufacturer to produce no less than 250 vehicles with the 303. The engine was available in all full-size Pontiacs. Valve guides: K-Line, liners Vacuum advance: Not usedEXHAUST 1. CO2, . Make way for one of the baddest muscle cars of all time, the, An all-aluminum, race-proven V-8 defined the rare and wicked, The engine is what gives a muscle car its flamboyant personality. Based in part on designs for the "short deck" 303cuin (5.0L) engine designed for the 1970 racing season, it had a shorter deck than the big V8, and used thin-wall castings to reduce weight. 1975 Factory Service Manual lists the SD-455, but the SD-455 did not meet emissions for the 1975 model year and was canceled. Various Pontiac sources have emphatically stated that NO 310hp (231kW) versions of the SD-455 were installed in regular production cars. Valvesprings: Crower, dual no damper Bore/Stroke ratio: 1.04:1 A limited-slip differential and gearing up to 4:11.1 were optional. Note the tri-color Pontiac Ventura upholstery. In addition to the inline 6, Pontiac used the Oakland V8 for one year, 1932, debuting the Pontiac straight-8 engine in 1933. The engine came with 543797 (4-barrel) and 9770716 heads for the tri-power and special exhaust manifolds and a 7H cam with 292deg. . Pontiac engineers tested their 269cuin (4.4L) V8 in 1949 or 1950 against an OHV Oldsmobile Rocket V8 303cuin (5.0L) downsized to 270cuin (4.4L). As Pontiac still wanted to offer a performance motor to compete in the performance market, they looked back to the 400 Pontiac and how it could be improved to offer greater performance while meeting CAFE standards. First offered as an option in 1963, the 421 HO came in a 4-barrel engine of 320hp (239kW) and one Tri-Power H-O version with a hotter cam and efficient iron exhaust manifolds and rated at 370hp (276kW). Unlike previous enlargements of Pontiac V8s, it did not replace the 389. Pontiac's initial plans were to use a camshaft with specs identical to the 041 Ram Air IV camshaft, but testing showed emissions, while technically compliant, did not have "cushion" to satisfy Pontiac's emissions engineers, to avoid production variation leading to any non-compliant engines being produced and sold. Apparently at least one of these engines survives under the hood of an engineer's personal Pontiac. The first of the "big journal" Pontiac V8s, it had a bore and stroke of 4+332in 4in (104.0mm 101.6mm) and came with dual four-barrel carburetors. As with all other Pontiac V8 motors that evolved from the 316 V8, the 421 was simply a bored out and stroked version of the popular Pontiac 389 V8. PONTIAC : 1965-75Tune-up Specifications : Year: Engine Car Model: Spark Plug Type (AC) - Gap: Point Gap: Dwell Angle: . Pontiac produced the 421 V8 engine from 1961 to 1968. The Pontiac 2+2 was promoted as the "big brother" to the iconic Pontiac GTO. Year: CU IN: Casting # 1967: 326. The GTO came with a four-barrel 389 V8 with 335 horsepower. The standard head seen on an L78 400 Pontiac was the low compression 6x8 head, while the 6x4 head seen on the W72 had hardened valve seats for a higher RPM operating range, improved air flow, and higher compression. Diameter: 516-in Bore and stroke were 4.121in 2.84in (104.7mm 72.1mm) 303.63cuin (4,976cc). In 1967 the 421 was enlarged to 426.61cuin (7.0L) by increasing its bore to 4.12in (104.6mm). 301 2-barrel (135hp, 101kW), (5th character of the, 301 4-barrel (150hp, 112kW), (5th character of the. A Pontiac SD 421 came with forged steel rods and crankshafts for extra durability. The results showed Pontiac that an L-head simply couldn't compete with an overhead valve engine. 301 Turbo (210hp, 157kW), (with the 5th VIN character being a "T". Preparation: Wash after balance for assembly While production of 196970 A-body Ram Air IV cars was low at just 1563 units(759 1969 GTOs including 302 Judges, and 804 1970 GTOs including 397 Judges) 1969 and 1970 model year F-body Ram Air IV cars were even rarer at just 245 total units produced. Styling for Status. In 1968 the 326 was replaced by the similarly 389-derived 350, which used a 3+78in (98.4mm) bore and 3+34in (95.3mm) stroke for a total displacement of 353.8cuin (5,798cc). Example: A128 = January 12, 19*8. It included a new camshaft with duration increased from 288/302 (No. . For 1967 only Pontiac called this engine the Quadra-Power 428. . The 1966 Pontiac GTO was also the first car to replace the aluminum grille with plastic mesh-pattern inserts. The 400 remained in production through the 1978 model year, with 1979 cars receiving engines produced the previous year. ft. After the SD-455 was certified with the new cam, it was production-ready but was then further delayed by the EPA mandating Pontiac recertify all of its engines when the EPA discovered that part-throttle emissions exceeded the limits. In 1967, Pontiac moved on to a technologically simpler nodular cast iron (invented in late 1940s) crankshaft, which they used until 1975. It is a known fact that a person's pupils dilate slightly when viewing something pleasant to the eyes. By comparison, the factory 421 H.O. Distributor: '61 Delco cast-iron with direct oiling Plans were made to produce Firebirds and GTOs with advertised ratings of 355hp (265kW) and 375hp (280kW) respectively but concerns about emissions, the response of the automobile safety lobby, and the warranty implications of a high-revving street engine led to cancellation of the program.[why? Collector size: 3.00-inGASKETS The single four barrel was rated at 333 bhp while the Tri-Power version carried a 348 bhp rating. 540306 featured 1.92/1.66-inch (49/42mm) valves and was carried over from the previous model year, production stopped in March 1962 and then casting No. The engine was dubbed the TEMPEST V-8, a nickname it retained until the end of 1960. said the "Pontiac 421 cu. Dry weight ranged from 590 to 650 pounds (270 to 290kg), depending on displacement and year. Final torque ratings may vary and need to be determined based on application and parts used. The overhead-cam six-cylinder engine was new for 1966 and the standard engine in the Tempest and Tempest Custom. [4] It was replaced by the 455 for the 1970 model year. As Pontiac's 1967 performance brochure said, "You can add the Ram Air induction hood scoop and new high output cam and valve springs to the Quadra-Power 400 for better top end breathing." That's the factory rating of the legendary 421 H.O. Car and Driver magazine, which had showcased the infamous Pontiac GTO vs. Ferrari's GTO comparison in 1964, organized another bout between the . Intake: 218 cfm at 0.500-in See profiles, photos, and specifications of, Muscle cars came in many shapes and sizes. Kits for Pontiac applications. Pontiac differed from other GM Divisions and most other manufacturers in producing only a single small block V8, rather than adding a larger big block to its line-up. The 287 was an "oversquare" engine with a bore and stroke of 3+34in 3+14in (95.3mm 82.6mm), for a total displacement of 287.2cuin (4.7L). . Based on the same short-deck as the 301, the "LS5" 265.1cuin (4.3L) was offered only in 1980 and 1981. The 455 was used through 1976 when it, as with many other large displacement engines, was discontinued as manufacturers moved to smaller, more efficient models, even in their full size car lines. Crank: Original '64 421 Cam choice is always extremely important, and Jim decided to go with an aggressive Crower mechanical flat-tappet stick with 247/252-degrees duration at 0.050 and 0.515/0.525 lift (0.495/0.505 with 0.020 lash) with 1.6:1 rockers. The 428 was increased to 456.12cuin (7,474cc) in 1970. Rod/Stroke ratio: 1.65:1BOTTOM END The "670" head was a 1967-only casting, and the only PMD head to have a closed chamber with the new 14 degree valve angle. Power output ranged from 135hp (101kW) to 170hp (127kW). It was offered in the following forms: For 1957 the V8's stroke was increased to 3.5625in (90.49mm), for a displacement of 347cuin (5.7L). Duration at .050: 247/252-deg Lifters: Crower solid with EDM oil hole (0.024 inch) Pontiac had prepared for the forthcoming cancellation of the venerable 400 by producing large volumes of the stronger cast "XX" 400 blocks in 1977 that were assembled in 1978, and stockpiled at a warehouse by the assembly plant for later use. By 1963, the more powerful Pontiac 421 was beginning to outshine the 389 for performance applications. This may have been propagated by the only authorized company that is licensed to reproduce these decals not including the "6.6 LITRE" in the Trans Am decal kits, and only including "T/A 6.6" with no extra cost. Price $30000.00. Engine Oil: 120 ft-lbs. [7] Though listed as slightly less powerful than some high-performance iterations of the 400 (such as the 366hp (273kW) Ram-Air), the 455 had 500lbft (678Nm) of torque, 55 more lbft (75Nm). For 1970 the Trans Am was the only Firebird available with the Ram Air IV, and 88 were produced during the abbreviated 1970 F-body production run. By early 1979, orders for the W72 package were being rejected by dealers as they supply had run dry. The shaker wore the decals "455 H.O." For 1959 the V8's stroke was increased to 3+34in (95.3mm), raising displacement to 389cuin (6.4L). or choose Generic to see kits that might fit a . This was based on results of over 1 million test miles, which was unheard of at the time. In basic 2-barrel form it produced 290 horsepower and 428ft. pounds of torque in 1968. A period-correct battery cranks the high-compression 469-cubic-inch Pontiac engine. [5] It was rated at 360hp (268kW), but the Grand Prix with the same specifications was rated at 370hp (276kW).[6]. 1967 was the last year for closed-chambered heads. The engine build will be discussed in two parts. It used a declutching fan, special exhaust manifolds, and chrome low-restriction air cleaners; rocker covers and oil-filler cap also were chrome. These are general guidelines. The block is still at standard 421 bore size (4.09375") and will be bored to fit standard size forged 428 pistons (4.120"). After outselling Oakland, Pontiac became the sole survivor of the two by 1932. Thus in March 1973 Pontiac eliminated a timing solenoid that gave full vacuum advance and disabled the EGR valve in high gear after a period of time that happened to exceed the running time of the EPA testing cycle. Timing chain: LPC, double rollerINDUCTION These guys lived by mathematics since every function of an engine that converts chemical to mechanical energy can be assigned a number. Pontiac RAIII/IV Engine parts collection Price $14000.00. Along with a cam swap it boosted horsepower from 325 hp with the four-barrel carb to 348 hp in '64. Given how late in the model year it was, Pontiac decided not to incur the costs of recertifying the SD-455 for other models other than the Firebird. 400 Ram Air (1969) / Ram Air (1970), aka Ram Air III, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Tested: 1968 Pontiac GTO 428 / Royal Bobcat", "1969 Pontiac Grand Prix 428 specifications | technical data | performance | fuel economy | emissions | dimensions | horsepower | torque | weight", "Muscle Car Horsepower How Exaggerated Was It? [8] All of these improvements provided the W72 with a power rating of 200hp (203PS; 149kW) at 3600 rpm and 325lbft (441Nm) of torque at 2400 rpm, while the standard L78 400 only produced 180hp (182PS; 134kW) at 3600 rpm and 325lbft (441Nm) of torque at 1600 rpm. It also sports the four-speed manual, limited . It used the "744" camshaft (301-313) in the earlier manual trans versions, later downgraded to the "068" version, and the 288/302 duration cam with automatic transmission. The engines feature a cast-iron block and head and two valves per cylinder. Exhaust: 180 cfm at 0.500-in A 400 cubic inch ram air equipped V8, it was an option on the 1969-70 GTO and Firebird Formula. [citation needed]. Nevertheless, there appears in the October 72 issue of MOTOR TREND, a road test of a 1973 SD-455 Grand Am. Pre-Owned. The 389 was the standard engine on the GTO up to 1966. Jim Taylor knows this, so he took a mathematical engineering-style approach to finding 100 hp in a relatively optimized engine. The tri-power equipped XS-code 389 was shipped with the Ram Air pan in the trunk, and the dealer had to fit it and cut out the underside of the hood scoop to make it functional. Intake manifold: Original '64 PMD tri-power Both Chevy and Ford had 427 cu in performance engines, so Pontiac simply referred to its 427 as a 428 to one-up them. Displacement began at 287-cubic-inch (4.7L) and grew as large as 455-cubic-inch (7.5L) by 1970. 421 CID V8 - 4BBL - Automatic - P.S. Sponsored Stories . Casting number: 97770716, '64 date 1966: 421: 9782611 (late) 1967-1969. 1967 - 400 Ram Air or 428 Code 670. All Pontiac V8s from 1955 to 1959 were reverse cooled, known as the "gusher" cooling system.